Emerging Hybrid Online Learning in Post-pandemic Situation: Idealism and Reality

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly changed the way of learning models, one of which is the implementation of hybrid online learning (HOL). Although some instructors have applied this model to their learning activities, the process and results are still not optimal due to various constraints. Therefore, this paper explores HOL implementation regarding its idealism and reality in post-pandemic situations where face-to-face (F2F) learning is allowed in limited circumstances. For this reason, a descriptive-analytical systematic review of the relevant papers discusses the implementation of learning with the HOL model and is relied upon in this study to draw the reality of its implementation and offer solutions to potential problems. The investigation shows that many instructors have tried to apply this learning model because it is considered very suitable in post-pandemic situations to facilitate students who can attend face-to-face (F2F) in classrooms and for those who choose to be in a different room but still need to keep interacting synchronously with the other participants in the classroom. However, this learning model is considered not optimal in the real situation, both regarding the learning process and achievement of expected learning outcomes, due to several technical and non-technical obstacles. © 2022 IEEE.

SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS ONLINE LEARNING IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

As the whole learning ecosystem is changing because of covid-19 pandemic outbreak, education institutions and teachers are demanded to cope with technology for online learning and give the best learning experience to their students. The aim of this research is to identify synchronous and asynchronous online learning in English language classrooms in Indonesian schools and universities during covid-19 pandemic, focusing on technological applications used and challenges faced by both teachers and students. By implementing Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach from Indonesian Science and Technology Index known as SINTA and SCOPUS database, 31 research papers published between 2020-2022 in the Indonesian context are selected. This research creates a table of synchronous and asynchronous online learning applications used in English language classrooms as well as activities done and challenges faced by both teachers and students during covid-19 pandemic in the Indonesian context. The results of this research can be used by relevant stakeholders to help incorporate a balanced synchronous and asynchronous online learning in their English language classrooms as well as anticipate and prepare for future learning in their respective schools and universities, especially after covid-19 pandemic. © 2022 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age, CELDA 2022. All rights reserved.

Impact of instructor on-slide presence in synchronous e-learning.

As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, many higher education programs had to switch to synchronous online teaching. Teachers suddenly faced pressing unaddressed challenges, such as how to better transfer their "presence" from the traditional classroom to the online space in a way that keeps students engaged. This paper explores new venues for increasing the quality of synchronous online learning. We propose the notion of broad on-slide presence, pillared on an increased instructor expressiveness and an elevated instructor slide-content interaction. We conducted four studies to investigate the benefits of delivering lectures in this format, using a mixed methods research approach. We combined survey methodology with transversal design and structural equation modelling with qualitative methodology using discourse analysis of teacher interviews. Results revealed a significant increase in perceived knowledge gain and attentional engagement, and an improved and more personal student experience. At the same time, the instructor's broader on-slide presence also resulted in an increased teacher satisfaction.

Organization of Grade Improvement Courses by Synchronous E-learning at Vietnamese Public Universities

The Covid 19 pandemic that broke out in Vietnam in 2019 has been negatively affecting Vietnamese education on a national scale. To adapt to the pandemic, the Vietnamese government has required the education system to conduct online teaching, in which university education is conducted in the form of synchronous e-learning. Currently, although the pandemic has been controlled and online teaching is no longer compulsory, public universities seem to have realized the benefits online teaching brings. Many of these universities have begun implementing synchronous e-learning for their grade improvement courses, and they've seen student outcomes begin to improve. © 2022 ACM.

Exploring determinants of student satisfaction with synchronous e-learning: evidence during COVID-19

Purpose This paper aims at identifying crucial factors that affect student satisfaction with synchronous e-learning. For this purpose, a research model comprised of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), computer anxiety (CA), self-efficacy (SE), system accessibility (SA), perceived interaction (PI) and perceived flexibility (PF) was developed. Design/methodology/approach For the purpose of this research, an online questionnaire was used. All of the measures are adapted from previously validated instruments and adjusted to fit the research aim. Accordingly, the questionnaire resulted in 49 items, which yielded eight constructs. To test the hypothesized model, structural equation modeling was employed on a valid sample of 263 higher education students. Findings According to the results, PU, PI, CA and flexibility were all found to be significant. PU demonstrated the most contribution following by PF and PI. Research limitations/implications Even though this study has included some critical factors theorized to influence e-learning settings, it does not incorporate all elements. In terms of sample size, a bigger sample would be more favorable. Lastly, the study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, where free movement and social activities were restricted, which may have influenced students' perception of synchronous e-learning. Practical implications This research contributes to a greater understanding of the student experience with synchronous e-learning, and its findings can provide relevant stakeholders, particularly e-learning practitioners, with insights into effectively adopting and improving such settings. Originality/value This study uses an integrated model of several constructs to investigate student satisfaction in terms of just synchronous e-learning rather than e-learning in general. Several validated instruments were used and tested in a new context and sample. Additionally, the study provides evidence during COVID-19.

Is Synchronous E-learning Implementation in Public Universities a Good Idea during the Pandemic of the COVID-19 in Vietnam?

Vietnam has undergone the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in a more urgent situation when there were community transmission cases and a large number of Vietnamese people returning from different countries around the world. It happened soon before the national university entrance exams, which caused a huge number of challenges to the Ministry of Education and Training in particular. Consequently, the Vietnamese Government decided to apply social distance in various cities and provinces to hinder the pandemic. At the same time, the Government required the Ministry of Education and Training as well as educational institutions in every level of education to come up with a lasting solution to deal with the alarming situation to ensure the continuity of teaching and learning. Hence, synchronous e-learning with its obvious advantages has been employed more commonly throughout the country compared to the first wave of the pandemic. This survey study was conducted with a large number of students in some public universities in Vietnam to investigate the importance of synchronous e-learning implementation during the pandemic. The results of the study are valuable not only for public but also private universities in Vietnam. © 2021 Association for Computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

Use of the puzzle technique for learning analysis class diagrams: experiences of the transition to the non-face-to-face modality

Cooperative learning techniques are active learning techniques that allow students to work with their peers to achieve a common goal. The advantage of this technique is that students not only learn a specific topic but also improve their soft skills such as teamwork and communication skills. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, universities had to adapt their classes from a face-to-face modality to a non-face-to-face one. This article presents an experience in adapting a face-to-face class session to learn analysis class diagrams using the jigsaw technique to a non-face-to-face synchronous session using information technologies. The results of an evaluation that was taken after the synchronous session are similar to the results obtained in a face-to-face class held in previous years. © 2022, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.